When diagnosing the cause of a violation of the normal start of the engine, open the car door and see how the brightness of the interior lighting bulbs changes.
The brightness of the lighting lamp depends on the voltage of its supply.
During normal operation of the starter, the brightness of the interior lighting is slightly reduced.
If the brightness of the lighting does not change, then the cause of the violation is usually an open in the control circuit of the start-up system.
If the lighting almost or completely goes out, then the cause of the violation is most likely a short circuit or breakdown to ground of the starter excitation windings or a battery malfunction.
Don't hit the starter! In the past, it was not uncommon to see a technician pounding on the starter trying to figure out why it wasn't working. Often, under the influence of shock loading, the alignment or displacement of the current collector brushes, the rotor and the bearing shells occurred. In many cases, after hitting the starter, its performance - even if only briefly - was restored.
But in the design of most modern starters, permanent magnets are used, which are fragile and can break when hit on the starter. A broken magnet breaks into several weak magnets. In some early designs of permanent magnet starters, the magnets were glued to the stator housing. With a strong blow to the starter, these magnets shattered into pieces, which, hitting the rotor or in the bearing seats, rendered the starter completely unusable.
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